But after they get hurt, now they can have the power to overwhelm us and pull us back into those scenes and make us feel the things we didn’t want to feel again. When they get burdened that way, when they carry those feelings, they’re not so much fun to be around.īefore they get hurt, or scared, or ashamed, they’re lovely-because they’re all kinds of innocence, and playfulness, and creativity, and openness. They take on what we call the “burdens” of worthlessness, or terror, or emotional pain. When you suffer that way, some parts are very vulnerable and young-what often are called “inner children”-and they’re the ones that get hurt the most, because they’re the most sensitive. I recently wrote a book called No Bad Parts, which was trying to make that case: that so many things we think of as psychiatric diagnoses and illnesses are really just the activities of a lot of these protective parts. They think they still need to do what they needed to do back then. But they often are frozen back there, frozen in time during a trauma, and they think you’re still five years old. Trauma and attachment injuries, and things like that, forced them out of their naturally valuable states into roles that can be destructive and sometimes were necessary at some point in your life. We need their resources to make it in life and to thrive. We’re born that way-and we’re born that way because they’re all valuable. It’s the nature of the mind to have them. In multiple personality disorder, they’re called alters. Richard Schwartz: IFS is a different paradigm for understanding the mind that says that rather than being a sign of pathology, it’s the nature of the mind to have what I call “parts”-what other systems call sub-personalities, or ego states, or voices. Amy Biancolli: How would you normally describe Internal Family Systems to someone? Incorporating, for instance, a rundown of the various parts and the concept of everybody having an internal family? The following interview has been edited for space and clarity. Schwartz, who taught for many years at the University of Illinois at Chicago and Northwestern University, is currently on the faculty at Harvard Medical School. He’s published five books, including Internal Family Systems Therapy, Many Minds, One Self: Evidence for a Radical Shift in Paradigm, and, most recently, No Bad Parts: Healing Trauma and Restoring Wholeness with The Internal Family Systems Model. from Purdue University and started developing IFS in the 1980s. Originally trained in systemic family therapy, Schwartz earned his Ph.D. Such parts might include traumatized inner children or other “exiles,” as well as “protectors,” “firefighters,” or similarly distinct roles. Richard Schwartz, Ph.D., is the creator of Internal Family Systems, a therapeutic model that rejects the notion of a “mono-mind” in favor of a more inclusive, manifold approach that regards each person as a bearer of distinct “parts”-each one shaped by past experiences.
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